NEET- National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate) v1.0
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NEET
National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate)
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The National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate) or NEET (UG), formerly the All India Pre-Medical Test (AIPMT), is an all India pre-medical entrance test for students who wish to pursue undergraduate medical (MBBS), dental (BDS) and AYUSH (BAMS, BUMS, BHMS, etc.) courses in government and private institutions in India and also, for those intending to pursue primary medical qualification abroad.
The exam is conducted by National Testing Agency (NTA), which provides the results to the Directorate General of Health Services under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and State Counselling Authorities for seat allocation.
NEET-UG replaced the All India Pre Medical Test (AIPMT) and many other pre-medical exams conducted by states and various medical colleges. However, due to lawsuits being filed against the exam, it could not be held in 2014 and 2015.
NEET-UG is a single entrance test for admissions to more than 118,000 MBBS and BDS seats across India.
There are a total of 91,927 MBBS seats in 612 colleges. A total of 48,012 government seats and 43,915 seats are in private MBBS colleges. NEET 2022 counselling will be conducted for 91,927 MBBS and 26,949 BDS seats.
Through NEET 2022, a total of 52,720 seats for BAMS , BUMS , BHMS , BSMS, and BNYS, in 914 colleges.
Through NEET 2022, 525 B. VSc & AH seats.
After the enactment of NMC Act 2019 in September 2019, NEET-UG became the sole entrance test for admissions to medical colleges in India including the All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) which until then conducted separate exams.
History
Before NEET (UG) was implemented nationwide, states conducted their own entrance tests and some prestigious medical colleges like AIIMS, JIPMER, IMS-BHU, KMC Manipal & Mangalore and CMC Vellore conducted their own entrance exams.
NEET was initially proposed to take place from 2012 onwards. However, for several reasons, the CBSE and Medical Council of India deferred NEET by a year. The test was announced by the Government of India and was held for the first time on 5 May 2013 across India for students seeking admission for both undergraduate and postgraduate medicine. On 18 July 2013, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of 115 petitions and cancelled the NEET exam and announced that the MCI could not interfere with the admission process done by colleges.
Following the announcement from the Medical Council of India that it would introduce the NEET-UG exam in 2012, several states including Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, West Bengal and Tamil Nadu strongly opposed the change, stating that there was a huge variation in the syllabus proposed by the MCI and their state syllabi. Even though NEET 2016 is conducted in English and Hindi, it was announced that students can write exams in Tamil, Telugu, Marathi, Bengali, Assamese and Gujarati languages from 2017 onwards. Kannada and Odia languages are added to the list so that students can write the exams in nine Indian languages and English. The Supreme Court of India quashed the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) for admissions into all medical and dental colleges on 18 July 2013. The apex court ruled that the Medical Council of India cannot conduct a unified examination.
According to a 2013 announcement by CBSE, CBSE planned to conduct AIPMT on 4 May 2014. The final decision on NEET UG was planned to be taken after the verdict of the Supreme Court of India.
The Central Board of Secondary Education announces the results and the All India Merit List for NEET-UG. The merit list and the waiting list are prepared as per the directives of the Supreme Court of India, DGHS, MCI and DCI. The results for 2013 were announced on 5 June.
NEET was declared illegal and unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of India in 2013. However, it was restored on 11 April 2016, after a five-judge Constitution bench recalled the earlier verdict and allowed the Central Government and the Medical Council of India (MCI) to implement the common entrance test until the court decides afresh on its validity.
Phase One Test (2016)
The All India Pre Medical Test, also known as AIPMT, held on 1 May 2016, was considered as the first phase of the NEET. Students who registered for Phase One were given a chance to appear for the next phase of NEET held on 24 July 2016, but with a condition that candidates have to give up their NEET Phase 1 score. The above dates are as per the order of the Supreme Court.
Exam pattern and structure
There are a total of 180 questions asked in the exam, 45 questions each from Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. Each correct response fetches 4 marks and each incorrect response gets -1 negative marking. The exam duration is 3 hours (180 mins). The exam is of 720 marks (maximum marks). In 2021, there was an abrupt change in pattern of question paper. The paper consisted of two sections: A and B in all four subjects, i.e Physics, Chemistry,Botany and Zoology. Section A consisted of 35 compulsory questions and Section B consisted of 15 questions out of which 10 questions were supposed to be filled.
As per last year's trends, students who score above 550 have higher chances to get admission to government college for MBBS. That means 550 is the minimum requirement for NEET for MBBS in Government College.
As per the regulatory board for NEET exams, the NTA (National Testing Agency), there is no restriction on the number of attempts for the NEET exams.
Syllabus
NEET (UG) syllabus consists of the core concepts of Physics, Chemistry and Biology taught in classes 11 and 12 as prescribed by the NCERT.
Organizing body
The National Testing Agency (NTA) has been made the nodal agency for conduct of all India competitive exams and conducts NEET (UG) from 2019. The Central Board of Secondary Education conducted NEET between 2013 and 2018 before the setting of NTA.
Opposition
The introduction of NEET has received opposition from some entities, most notably the state of Tamil Nadu. The bulk of the major political parties represented in the state, including the AIADMK and the ruling DMK have expressed resistance to the test on multiple grounds.
Number of applicants by year
| Year | Date of Examination | No. of candidates Registered |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 2021 | 17 July 2022 12 September 2021* | 18,72,343  1,614,777 |
| 2020 | 13 September 2020* | 1,597,435 |
| 2019 | 5 May 2019 | 1,519,375 |
| 2018 | 6 May 2018 | 1,326,725 |
| 2017 | 7 May 2017 | 1,138,890 |
| 2016 | 24 July 2021 (Phase II) | 802,594 |
| 1 May 2016 (Phase I) | ||
| 2015 | Exam not held (AIPMT held instead) | |
| 2014 | ||
| 2013 | 5 May 2013 | 717,127 |
* Postponed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Exam cutoff
| Category | Minimum Qualifying Percentile |
|---|---|
| As of 2019 | |
| Unreserved (UR) | 50th Percentile |
| Unreserved PH (UR-PH) | 45th Percentile |
| Scheduled Caste (SC) | 40th Percentile |
| Scheduled Tribe (ST) | 40th Percentile |
| Other Backward Classes (OBC) | 40th Percentile |
| SC-PH | 40th Percentile |
| ST-PH | 40th Percentile |
| OBC-PH | 40th Percentile |
Colleges
As per the orders of the Supreme Court and the NMC Act 2019, a single medical entrance exam is conducted all over India for admission into medical and dental colleges, colleges and universities will not be able to conduct their own medical entrance exam and will accept students based on the All India Rank obtained in NEET (UG). All India Pre Medical Test (AIPMT), is now known as NEET. After the declaration of the results, an All India Rank (AIR) is allotted to each candidate and a merit list is released. The Medical Council of India conducts counselling (allotment of seats according to merit and candidate choice) for 15% state seats, central institutes and deemed universities. The counselling for remaining 85% state quota seats and private colleges is done by the medical boards of respective states. States prepare their separate merit list on basis of NEET-UG results. The total number of seats offered under NEET are 66,000 which is distributed accordingly.
| Colleges | No. of seats offered |
|---|---|
| All private colleges | 25,840 |
| All government colleges | 27,590 |
| NEET Counselling seats | 3,521 |
| NEET Basis seats | 35,461 |
| Acronym | NEET (UG) |
|---|---|
| Type | Pen and paper based |
| Developer / administrator | National Testing Agency
|
| Knowledge / skills tested | Biology, Chemistry and Physics |
| Purpose | Admission to undergraduate Medical courses in government and private colleges. Qualification mandatory for pursuing the same abroad. |
| Year started |
|
| Duration | 3 hours |
| Score / grade range | -180 to +720 |
| Offered | Once a year |
| Countries / regions | India |
| Languages | Assamese Bengali English Gujarati Hindi Kannada Marathi Oriya Tamil Telugu Urdu |
| Qualification rate | 56.44% |
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