CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research

*You can read this and all other articles of our website in 108 world languages by clicking the translate options on the left side 3 dots at the home page of our website. (check the bottom page for how to do this screenshots).

CERN

(Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire )

European Organization for Nuclear Research

+ Several important achievements in Particle Physics have been made through experiments at CERN.

+ An organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.

+ Where Higgs boson called as "God particle" is found

The statue of Shiva engaging in the

Nataraja dance (symbolizing his cosmic dance of creation and destruction)

at CERN near Geneva

presented by the Department of Atomic Energy of India

The Director-General and Dr. Kakodkar watch as Mr.Chandrasekhar signs the Guest Book.

The statue is a gift from India, celebrating CERN's long association with India which started in the 1960's and continues strongly today. It was unveiled by the Director General, Dr Robert Aymar, His Excellency Mr K. M. Chandrasekhar, Ambassador (WTO-Geneva) and Dr Anil Kakodkar, Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission and Secretary, Dept of Atomic Energy, India.

In the Hindu religion, this form of the dancing Lord Shiva is known as the Nataraj and symbolises Shakti, or life force. As a plaque alongside the statue explains, the belief is that Lord Shiva danced the Universe into existence, motivates it, and will eventually extinguish it. Carl Sagan drew the metaphor between the cosmic dance of the Nataraj and the modern study of the 'cosmic dance' of subatomic particles.

The statue is on permanent display in the square between buildings 39 and 40, a short distance from the CERN Main Building.

What is CERN trying to do?

What is CERN's mission? At CERN, their work helps to uncover what the universe is made of and how it works. They do this by providing a unique range of particle accelerator facilities to researchers, to advance the boundaries of human knowledge.

The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (French pronunciation- Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.

Established in 1954, it is based in a northwestern suburb of Geneva, on the France–Switzerland border. It comprises 23 member states, and Israel (admitted in 2013) is currently the only non-European country holding full membership. CERN is an official United Nations General Assembly observer.

The acronym CERN is also used to refer to the laboratory; in 2019, it had 2,660 scientific, technical, and administrative staff members, and hosted about 12,400 users from institutions in more than 70 countries. In 2016, CERN generated 49 petabytes of data.

CERN's main function is to provide the particle accelerators and other infrastructure needed for high-energy physics research — consequently, numerous experiments have been constructed at CERN through international collaborations. CERN is the site of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. The main site at Meyrin hosts a large computing facility, which is primarily used to store and analyze data from experiments, as well as simulate events. As researchers require remote access to these facilities, the lab has historically been a major wide area network hub. CERN is also the birthplace of the World Wide Web (WWW.).

Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider.

It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the particles along the way.

Scientific achievements:

Several important achievements in particle physics have been made through experiments at CERN. They include:

1973: The discovery of neutral currents in the Gargamelle bubble chamber;

1983: The discovery of W and Z bosons in the UA1 and UA2 experiments;

1989: The determination of the number of light neutrino families at the Large Electron–Positron Collider (LEP) operating on the Z boson peak;

1995: The first creation of antihydrogen atoms in the PS210 experiment;

1999: The discovery of direct CP violation in the NA48 experiment

2000: The Heavy Ion Programme discovered new state of matter, the Quark Gluon Plasma.

2010: The isolation of 38 atoms of antihydrogen;

2011: Maintaining antihydrogen for over 15 minutes;

2012: A boson with mass around 125 GeV/c2 consistent with the long-sought Higgs boson.

In September 2011, CERN attracted media attention when the OPERA Collaboration reported the detection of possibly faster-than-light neutrinos. Further tests showed that the results were flawed due to an incorrectly connected GPS synchronization cable.

Nobel Prizes:

The 1984 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to Carlo Rubbia and Simon van der Meer for the developments that resulted in the discoveries of the W and Z bosons.

The 1992 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to CERN staff researcher Georges Charpak "for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular, the multiwire proportional chamber".

The 2013 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to François Englert and Peter Higgs for the theoretical description of the Higgs mechanism in the year after the Higgs boson was found by CERN experiments.

CERN Complex

CERN operates a network of seven accelerators and two decelerators, and some additional small accelerators. Each machine in the chain increases the energy of particle beams before delivering them to experiments or to the next more powerful accelerator (the decelerators naturally decrease the energy of particle beams before delivering them to experiments or further accelerators/decelerators).

Current particle and nuclear facilities

LHC Accelerates protons and heavy ions

LEIR Accelerates ions

SPS Accelerates protons and ions

PSB Accelerates protons

PS Accelerates protons or ions

Linac 3 Injects heavy ions into LEIR

Linac4 Accelerates ions

AD Decelerates antiprotons

ELENA Decelerates antiprotons

ISOLDE Produces radioactive ion beams

**we will update more information about CERN in upcoming articles.. to get informed join our whats app group.

TO JOIN US : click the below link.

shorturl.at/CMNR1

Share this article link with your friends and relatives if you like it.

****You can read this and all our articles in 108 world languages by clicking the translate options on the left side 3 dots at the home page of our website.