Human Rights and Welfare in the Indian & International Context and NGO's role, Challenges faced.

Human Rights and Welfare in the Indian & International Context and NGO's role, Challenges

Human Rights and Welfare in the Indian Context

Constitutional Framework

The Indian Constitution provides a comprehensive framework for human rights and welfare. Fundamental Rights (Part III) guarantee civil and political rights, while Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV) guide the state in promoting social and economic welfare.

Key provisions include:

Right to Equality (Articles 14–18)

Right to Freedom (Articles 19–22)

Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24)

Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25–28)

Right to Life and Personal Liberty (Article 21)

Judicial interpretation has expanded Article 21 to include the right to livelihood, health, education, and a clean environment.

Welfare Schemes

India has implemented numerous welfare programs aimed at realizing human rights, such as:

Right to Education Act

National Food Security Act

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

Ayushman Bharat health scheme

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)

These programs reflect an effort to operationalize rights through welfare delivery.

Role of International Institutions

International organizations play a crucial role in promoting and protecting human rights and welfare.

United Nations

The United Nations has developed a comprehensive human rights system, including:

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)

Specialized agencies such as WHO, UNESCO, ILO, and UNICEF

These institutions support states through standard-setting, monitoring, technical assistance, and advocacy.

Non-Governmental Organizations - NGO's

NGOs play a vital role in:

Human rights advocacy

Welfare service delivery

Monitoring violations

Legal aid and awareness

They often act as a bridge between communities and institutions.

Challenges in Ensuring Human Rights and Welfare

Despite progress, significant challenges remain:

Poverty and Inequality – Economic disparities limit access to basic rights.

Discrimination – Gender, caste, race, and ethnic discrimination persist.

Weak Governance – Corruption and lack of accountability undermine welfare delivery.

Conflicts and Violence – Wars and internal conflicts result in massive rights violations.

Technological Risks – Surveillance, data misuse, and automation threaten privacy and employment.

Climate Change – Environmental degradation impacts the right to life, health, and livelihood.

Addressing these challenges requires integrated, rights-based, and people-centered approaches.

Human Rights, Welfare, and Sustainable Development

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reflect the convergence of human rights and welfare. Goals related to poverty eradication, health, education, gender equality, clean water, decent work, and reduced inequalities are fundamentally rights-based.

Sustainable development recognizes that economic growth without social justice and environmental protection is unsustainable. Human rights ensure that development benefits all, especially marginalized groups.

👉 HISTORY OF HUMAN RIGHTS

👉 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

👉 Human Rights and Welfare

👉 Human Rights and Welfare in the Indian & International Context and NGO's role, Challenges faced.

👉 Human Rights and Welfare in Practice - Case Studies.

👉 Emerging and Recent Challenges: AI, Surveillance, and Climate Justice

👉 Future Directions & conclusion of Human rights and human welfare

Thanks and Regards,

SS.Aravindan
TALENTS INFINITE TALENTS (TIT).
“Be the change you want to see Universally,”

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